Exploring the Association Between Problematic Social Media Use and Sleep Problems Among Young Adults

Background Problematic social media use (PSMU) is associated with sleep problems among young adults. Research is needed to understand this association and identify relevant health education practices.Purpose This study explored potential indirect and moderating factors in the association between PSMU and sleep problems.Methods Participants were college students from the United States (N = 196) assessed via self-report surveys for PSMU, sleep problems, and factors involved in the PSMU–sleep problems association. Cross-sectional associations were examined with linear regression models.Results A significant indirect association between PSMU and sleep problems was found via three factors: fear of missing out, loneliness, and depression. Interactions between PSMU and mindfulness-related moderating factors (i.e. gratitude, mindfulness, self-compassion, and emotion regulation ability) were also identified in relation to sleep problems. Sleep problems were lowest when PSMU severity was low and the moderator level was high.Discussion Findings suggest that mental health and mindfulness-related factors may play a role in the association between PSMU and sleep problems.Translation to health education practice Health education assessments and interventions for young adults should consider the impact of PSMU on sleep, possibly through the influence of PSMU on mental health. To improve sleep, mindfulness-based approaches may be helpful.