A Behaviour Change Intervention Delivered Using Telehealth with a Physical Activity Monitor to Increase Physical Activity Post-Stroke: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial

Objective (1) To assess the feasibility of implementing a theoretically informed behaviour change intervention delivered via telehealth, with the additional use of a physical activity monitor, compared with the behaviour change intervention alone, to increase physical activity post-stroke; (2) To explore changes in physical activity levels in both study arms, focusing on effect sizes to inform a fully powered randomised controlled trial (RCT). Design Phase 1 feasibility RCT, with concealed allocation and blinded assessments. Setting University. Participants About 24 individuals post-stroke (12 per group). Intervention Both groups received the behaviour change intervention via telehealth. The experimental group used a physical activity monitor (Smartwatch Mi Band 7 ® ). Main measures Feasibility indicators (e.g., recruitment, retention and cost) and clinical variables (e.g., physical activity level measured using the Adjusted Activity Score of the Human Activity Profile). Results Trial feasibility was supported regarding recruitment, intervention delivery and measurement. Challenges included participant attrition. Main costs were related to transportation for in-person assessments. Physical activity levels increased in both groups (experimental group: 12.08 ± 12.01; control group: 11.83 ± 15.51), with changes exceeding the minimal detectable change (6.8). A large within-group effect was observed in the experimental group (Cohen's d = 1.01), compared with a medium effect in the control group (Cohen's d = 0.76). Conclusions Both interventions were feasible and led to changes exceeding the minimal detectable change in physical activity levels post-stroke, with greater effects in the experimental group. These findings should inform a future, larger RCT addressing retention, follow-up and the added potential of the physical activity monitor.