Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Assessment of Antioxidant, Anti‐Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of Melia azedarach Linn. Extract in Chicken Lymphocyte Model

ABSTRACT Melia azedarach Linn. (chinaberry), a medicinal plant native to tropical Asia, is a rich source of diverse bioactive compounds with reported pharmacological activities and promising therapeutic potential. Despite its recognized phytochemical richness and biological properties, its bioactive composition and functional attributes remain insufficiently characterized. The objective of this study was to explore the phytochemical composition of M. azedarach Linn. leaves and evaluate its antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory potential in chicken lymphocytes. The leaves of the plant were collected and 50% hydromethanolic extract of M. azedarach (L.) was prepared (MAE) which was subjected to explore its antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory properties through various in vitro assays. MTT assay was conducted to assess the Maximum Non‐Cytotoxic Dose (MNCD) of MAE. The immunomodulatory potential of MAE was assessed by Lymphocyte Proliferation Assay (LPA) and further confirmed through altered expression of cytokine genes via quantitative Reverse Transcription‐PCR (qRT‐PCR). The obtained results demonstrated significant antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of MAE in chicken lymphocytes. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are recommended to explore MAE's potential as a plant‐based therapeutic agent for immunomodulation.