Regulation of Multi‐State Topological Magnetism for Reconfigurable Neuromorphic Computing in Two‐Dimensional VSSe/Sc 2 CO 2 Heterostructure

ABSTRACT Reconfigurable neuromorphic hardware would benefit from integrating magnetic textures with distinct dynamical and electrical responses within a controllable platform. Here, we propose a 2D VSSe/Sc 2 CO 2 van der Waals heterostructure as such a platform for multistate magnetic regulation. Coordinated control of interlayer spacing and magnetic‐field magnitude and direction enables phase‐selective three‐state conversion among skyrmion, bimeron, and ferromagnetic phases. Ferroelectric polarization reversal further provides a nonvolatile route for suppressing topological states and restoring an FM background. Principal component analysis reveals that the skyrmion–bimeron transformation is governed primarily by the competition between the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and dipole–dipole interactions under an in‐plane magnetic field. In current‐driven motion, skyrmions propagate at high speeds, whereas bimerons exhibit strong directional selectivity—enabling distinct computational roles in neuromorphic circuits. Crucially, their markedly different topological Hall responses (78.2 nV vs 854.5 nV) provide directly distinguishable electrical outputs for multi‐level signal encoding. Leveraging these attributes, we design artificial neuron devices that support nonvolatile write/erase operations, weighted summation, and state‐dependent functional reconfiguration, thereby establishing a theoretical design framework for reconfigurable topological neuromorphic devices.