The impact of lean practices and national culture in business sustainability: A study in medium and large companies Latin American emerging economies

Companies are under increasing social pressure to promote sustainable development while remaining competitive — a challenge that is closely linked to organizational culture and lean practices. To contribute to solving this problem, this study analyzed the relationship between national culture, lean practices and corporate sustainability in large and medium-sized companies in two Latin American emerging economies. To this end, a Likert-scale survey was administered to 313 business executives in Bogotá (Colombia) and Quito (Ecuador). The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling. The results revealed a moderately positive correlation between lean practices and corporate sustainability, but an insignificant correlation between national culture and corporate sustainability. This finding contrasts with previous research on this relationship in developed economies, where corporate commitment to social, cultural, and environmental issues has become a central strategy for improving corporate sustainability and competitiveness. In this regard, the study provides empirical evidence and a theoretical review to help academics, business leaders and government officials responsible for public policy related to business activity in emerging economies gain a better understanding of sociocultural management and lean practices. This will facilitate effective decision-making aimed at fostering competitive and sustainable businesses in increasingly demanding environments.