Six Out of Ten Dutch Orthopaedic Surgeons and Residents Report Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in the Netherlands

Abstract Background International studies have reported that 37–97% of orthopaedic surgeons experience work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). However, prevalence data for the Netherlands are lacking. Gaining insight into the burden of MSDs among Dutch orthopaedic surgeons and residents may help develop targeted preventive strategies to reduce occupational strain. Methods An online questionnaire was distributed to all orthopaedic surgeons and residents in the Netherlands through the Dutch Orthopaedic Association between October 2024 and January 2025. The survey collected self-reported demographic and professional characteristics and assessed self- reported MSDs in nine anatomical regions (neck, shoulders, upper back, lower back, elbows, wrists/hands, hips/thighs, knees, ankles/feet). Respondents indicated whether the considered their complaints to be work-related. Results A total of 204 participants responded and 203 completed the questionnaire (156 orthopaedic surgeons and 47 residents). The mean age was 45 years (SD ± 10), and 65% were male. Complaints occurred most often in the lower back (34%), neck (28%), and wrists/hands (27%). Overall, 127 participants (64%) experienced work-related MSDs, with no significant difference between surgeons and residents (62% vs. 66%). Knee and hip arthroplasty and spinal surgery were considered most physically demanding by the respondents. Compared with respondents working in academic settings, those working in general hospitals had significantly higher odds of reporting complaints (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.07–6.51, p = 0.036). Conclusion 64% of Dutch orthopaedic surgeons and residents reported work-related MSDs, with higher prevalence in general hospitals compared to academic hospitals. Lower self-reported work ability was associated with higher MSD prevalence.