Cross cultural adaptation and validation of the Moroccan International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33 MOR) in young and physically active individuals with hip pathology

Abstract Background All around the world, pain is the main reason that pushes people to seeking medical assistance, with a prevalence of 27.5%. In 2012, Mohtadi et al. and the Multicenter Arthroscopy of the Hip Outcomes Research Network (MAHORN) developed and validated an outcome. Objectives The cross-cultural adaptation of the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33) to Moroccan dialectal Arabic and its psychometric validation. Materials and methods The establishment of a Moroccan version in dialectal Arabic of the iHOT-33 followed 5 consecutive steps. Starting with the initial translation of the questionnaire that resulted in two translations by two translators T1 and T2. This step is followed by the translation’s synthesis where a synthetic version (T1.2) was obtained by the reporter T1.2. Then a back-translation of the Arabic version T1.2 to English was performed by two translators who were unaware of the original questionnaire, resulting in two back-translations (RT3 and RT4) to identify inconsistencies and differences caused by translation. Finally, the experimental preliminary version (The iHOT-33 MA) was produced by an experts committee method before the pre-test step that involved five young and active participants with hip pathology to identify ambiguities, misunderstandings and test face validity of the scale. In total, 66 participants were included in the validation process (excluding the pre-test group). Internal consistency was evaluated by calculating Cronbach’s alpha, and reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient. Results The study of psychometric characteristics of the iHOT-33 MOR showed 100% acceptability, very good reliability (ICC = 0.8), and excellent internal consistency with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.98 for the global scale. Conclusion This study has produced a valid scale that can be used in young and active Moroccan participants who speak dialectal Arabic, and suffer from hip pathology.