The Effects of Ultrasound Therapy in Patients With Iliotibial Band Syndrome

Objective To investigate the effects of different therapeutic ultrasound (US) modes on pain, functional status, quality of life, and iliotibial band (ITB) thickness in patients with iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS). Materials and Methods This prospective, nonrandomised study included 75 patients aged 45–60 years with ITBS. Participants were allocated to exercise only, exercise plus continuous US, or exercise plus pulsed US groups. All patients performed a home exercise programme, whilst the US groups received 15 sessions of therapeutic US (2 W/cm 2 , 1.5 MHz, 7 min). Pain (VAS), functional status (LEFS), quality of life (SF-12), and ITB thickness were assessed at baseline, posttreatment, and 3 months. Results Pain scores were significantly lower in both US groups than in the exercise-only group posttreatment and at 3 months. LEFS scores were higher in the continuous US group posttreatment and in both US groups at 3 months. SF-12 Physical Component Summary scores were higher in both US groups only at 3 months. No significant differences were observed between continuous and pulsed US for clinical outcomes. SF-12 Mental Component Summary scores did not differ between groups, and ITB thickness did not change significantly. Conclusion Adding therapeutic US to exercise was associated with greater improvements in pain, function, and physical quality of life, particularly at 3 months. Continuous and pulsed US showed comparable effects. These findings require confirmation in randomised controlled trials.