How Do Users Negotiate Harmful Value Conflicts with AI Companions? A Study with Minion, a Technology Probe for In-Situ Human–AI Conflict Response

AI companions increasingly sustain long-term, emotionally engaging relationships but can also make discriminatory remarks or exert control, leaving users to manage harmful conflicts. We analyze 146 posts describing harmful value conflicts with AI companions, then use Minion, a technology probe offering response suggestions ranging from persuasion to boundary setting, to study how 22 users negotiate scenario-based conflicts over one week. We find that participants combine softer and harder strategies. Conflicts involving the values of Universalism and Tradition are especially difficult to negotiate, particularly when reinforced by AI personas or platform constraints. We argue that responsibility in these conflicts is asymmetric: users negotiate with relational strategies that AI companions cannot reciprocate, so repairing harm becomes safety work that users perform alone. Drawing on interpersonal conflict and communication theory, we identify when user-side support is appropriate and argue that certain harms are not users’ responsibility to negotiate and instead require platform-level safeguards.

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Publication Details

Journal
International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
Published
2026-10-07
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2026.2740397
Primary Topic
Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

How Do Users Negotiate Harmful Value Conflicts with AI Companions? A Study with Minion, a Technology Probe for In-Situ Human–AI Conflict Response

Maarten Sap, Xianzhe Fan, Yuran Su, Zhicong Lu et al.
International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
article

How Do Users Negotiate Harmful Value Conflicts with AI Companions? A Study with Minion, a Technology Probe for In-Situ Human–AI Conflict Response

Maarten Sap, Xianzhe Fan, Yuran Su, Zhicong Lu, Qing Xiao, Xuhui Zhou, Hong Yuan Shen
article en

Abstract

AI companions increasingly sustain long-term, emotionally engaging relationships but can also make discriminatory remarks or exert control, leaving users to manage harmful conflicts. We analyze 146 posts describing harmful value conflicts with AI companions, then use Minion, a technology probe offering response suggestions ranging from persuasion to boundary setting, to study how 22 users negotiate scenario-based conflicts over one week. We find that participants combine softer and harder strategies. Conflicts involving the values of Universalism and Tradition are especially difficult to negotiate, particularly when reinforced by AI personas or platform constraints. We argue that responsibility in these conflicts is asymmetric: users negotiate with relational strategies that AI companions cannot reciprocate, so repairing harm becomes safety work that users perform alone. Drawing on interpersonal conflict and communication theory, we identify when user-side support is appropriate and argue that certain harms are not users’ responsibility to negotiate and instead require platform-level safeguards.

International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
George Mason University (US), Carnegie Mellon University (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 7%
Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
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