Stauroneis xuhuiensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from Guilin Park of Shanghai City, China

A novel species, designated as Stauroneis xuhuiensis sp. nov., has been identified and described from Guilin Park in Shanghai City, China. Utilizing both LM and SEM, detailed observations were conducted to document the size, morphology, and ultrastructural features of this new species. S. xuhuiensis sp. nov. is characterized by linear‐lanceolate valves with capitate to subcapitate ends. Its raphe is narrow and linear, while the central area presents a relatively small, rectangular to slightly wedge‐shaped stauros. The striae extend radially across the entire valve surface, often displaying irregular spacing. Through comparative analysis with similar Stauroneis species, S. xuhuiensis sp. nov. has been confirmed to exhibit sufficient distinctions in valve size and striae density to warrant recognition as a novel species. This new species inhabits freshwater environments and grows epiphytically on stones. Its discovery contributes to an enhanced understanding of the diversity of freshwater diatoms in China.