A Chebyshev spectral–asymptotic homogenization method for the dynamic response analysis of hybrid lattice sandwich panels

In engineering domains such as aerospace and rail transit, lattice sandwich structures have drawn significant interest because of their low weight, high specific stiffness, and potential for multifunctional integration. However, conventional single-type lattice structures struggle to simultaneously achieve high stiffness and favorable vibration suppression performance under complex dynamic loads. This paper systematically investigates the dynamic response characteristics of a hybrid lattice sandwich structure composed of octahedral truss (OCT) and simple cubic (SC) configurations under impulsive and random excitations. First, based on the asymptotic homogenization method, the equivalent material constitutive parameters of the lattice core layer are obtained. Then, by integrating three-dimensional linear elasticity theory with the Chebyshev spectral method, a highly accurate and efficient semi-analytical dynamic model is established. Comparisons with literature results and finite element simulations confirm the correctness and reliability of the proposed model. The time-domain analysis indicates that the peak displacement of the lattice sandwich structure is reduced by over 89% compared to the SC structure, while also achieving an improvement of 9% relative to the OCT structure. This superior vibration suppression performance is primarily attributed to the continuous axial load-transfer path provided by the OCT skeleton. Parametric analysis further reveals that the regulation of resonance peaks can be achieved by tailoring geometric parameters. The dual-scale analysis framework established in this study, which integrates microscale equivalence with macroscale solution, provides an efficient and reliable theoretical tool for the dynamic performance evaluation and optimal design of hybrid lattice sandwich structures in vibration fields.