Designing reintegration policy systems: the SLPR model for reducing recidivism

Recidivism remains a persistent policy challenge for correctional systems worldwide, reflecting structural limitations in rehabilitation and reintegration rather than individual behavior alone. This study develops the Social Learning Policy for Reintegration (SLPR) model as an integrated framework for addressing recidivism risk and strengthening reintegration pathways. A mixed-methods design was employed, combining qualitative data from 28 key informants with survey data from 369 inmates in Ubon Ratchathani Central Prison, Thailand. The survey analysis of self-reported perceived positive behavioral change during incarceration showed that family and social support had the strongest positive association (β = 0.3053, p < 0.001), followed by resources and environmental conditions (β = 0.1930, p = 0.0237). Policy structure and personnel readiness were not statistically significant, whereas technological integration showed a significant negative association (β = −0.2099, p = 0.0013). Qualitative accounts contextualized these relationships by identifying institutional constraints, limited hands-on access to technology, and discontinuity of post-release support, thereby clarifying the policy–practice gap. Integrating both evidence strands informed the SLPR model as a reintegration policy system linking social context, institutional support, social learning mechanisms, transitional reintegration, and intended outcomes. The model is therefore presented as a theory-informed framework for addressing recidivism risk and strengthening reintegration, rather than as direct evidence of reduced post-release reoffending.