Challenges in the decarbonization of the UK electrical power system by 2030: A techno-economic analysis of current and alternative policies

Forecasts indicate that the UK will miss its Clean Power 2030 targets. This study evaluates the techno-economic barriers and limitations in terms of infrastructure, demand, and resources of Clean Power (2030) Action Plan policies by conducting thorough discussions with power sector experts. Identified limitations in the literature together with interview findings allow us to suggest actionable policies. Even though there have been previous works on the techno-economic barriers pertaining to achieving Clean Power by 2030, this paper presents a fresh systematic approach, by applying a meta-theoretical framework to analyse holistically the techno-economic barriers in this energy transition. While previous works on this topic focus mostly on near-term market intelligence, and policy- or investor-oriented insights, the novelty of this work provides operational insights from industry experts. Results reveal a gap between ambitious policy objectives and ground-level implementation concerns; such as unrealistic milestones, and conflicting local authorities and government timelines. This paper outlines the following policies to facilitate UK's transition to a zero-carbon power system: (1) reform the planning and permitting system with new amendments, (2) assess the NESO project applications in batches, (3) mandate community benefits sharing, (4) run an independent board to facilitate effective communication amongst various stakeholders, (5) undertake market integration of demand-side response and flexibility providers, (6) offer technology-specific incentives, and (7) address supply chain contingency agreements.