A Rare Association: Gliomatosis Peritonei and Giant Mature Cystic Teratoma: A Case Report

Mature cystic teratomas are the most common ovarian germ cell tumors. However, the rare coexistence of mature teratomas with gliomatosis peritonei, a condition characterized by mature glial tissue implantation in the peritoneum, poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This report describes a rare case of an 18-year-old female with a giant mature cystic teratoma. The patient presented with abdominal distension and had a ovarian cyst with features suggestive of an immature teratoma on imaging. Following surgical resection, detailed histopathological evaluation confirmed a mature teratoma with gliomatosis peritonei. This case highlights the importance of differentiating between immature and mature teratomas, as well as the implications of gliomatosis peritonei for patient management. Detailed histopathological analysis and prompt surgical intervention remain essential for favorable outcomes in such rare presentations. The occurrence of this condition is extremely rare, thus increased awareness among clinicians about this association is crucial for proper diagnosis and effective treatment.