Aphrodisiac Use and Male Sexual Health in Ghana: Prevalence, Attitudes, and Sociocultural Determinants

Abstract Introduction Aphrodisiac use is an important but understudied sexual health behavior shaped by sexual performance expectations, peer influence, and access to enhancement products. Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa remains limited. This study examined the prevalence, attitudes, and sociocultural determinants of aphrodisiac use among men in Ghana. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,196 men aged 18 years and older in selected districts of Ghana using multistage probability sampling. Data were collected through structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patterns of use and related attitudes, while binary logistic regression identified factors associated with current use. Results Overall, 34.7% of respondents reported ever using aphrodisiacs, and 40.7% of these users reported current use. The most common reasons were prolonging sexual intercourse and improving erection. Friends were the primary source of recommendation, while pharmacies were the most common point of acquisition. Despite awareness of potential harm, including addiction and future sexual problems, use remained common. Current use was significantly more likely among older men with more than one wife, employed respondents, Muslims, and those reporting sexual problems. Tertiary education was a protective factor. Conclusion Aphrodisiac use among men in Ghana reflects sociocultural expectations surrounding sexual performance, partner expectations, peer influence, and informal treatment pathways. Sexual health interventions should promote accurate information, safer help-seeking, and culturally responsive approaches to men’s sexual concerns. Policy implications Policies should strengthen regulation of sexual enhancement products and expand access to confidential sexual health services to support safer and more informed decision-making among men.