Intermittent Lorentzian noise in magnetic tunnel junctions under voltage-bias stress
For magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) sensors used in long-term operation, the noise profile must remain stable under voltage bias. Low-frequency 1/f noise in MTJs is often measured over a limited time window and can contain a Lorentzian component from random telegraph noise. Here, we continuously tracked the noise spectra of single micrometer-scale MgO-based MTJs for 100–500 h under DC bias at room temperature and zero applied field. The spectra show a smooth 1/fβ background, but the Lorentzian component is intermittent: it can appear, disappear, and drift in corner frequency under the same bias condition. In the devices studied, this contribution raises the local noise power spectral density by up to ηmax ≈ 6.0 and is present for 3.6%–71% of the measurement record. Resistance–field measurements on one junction show no irreversible change in magnetic response across a Lorentzian-active period. These results reveal reversible, time-dependent Lorentzian-noise states under electrical stress, which may originate from barrier defect dynamics or magnetic configurational fluctuations. Consequently, single-shot spectra are insufficient to capture the intermittent noise states that govern long-term MTJ performance.
Authors
- Gang Xiao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3440-3946)
- Haoyu Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2805-4911)
- Benjamin J. Brown (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-9598)
Institutions
- Brown University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Applied Physics
- Published
- 2026-10-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0354346
- Primary Topic
- Magnetic properties of thin films
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00