The role of PRKRA mutation in antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms: a case report and implications for precision psychiatry

Antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) significantly impact patient adherence and treatment outcomes in schizophrenia. While genetic susceptibility to EPS has been recognized, rare mutations influencing dopamine regulation remain underexplored. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman with atypical psychosis who developed severe EPS following olanzapine treatment, despite its lower propensity. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous duplication in the PRKRA gene, a key regulator of stress response pathways and movement control. This finding underscores the role of individualized pharmacogenomics in optimizing care. Additionally, allopurinol augmentation in this case suggests a novel therapeutic approach for neuroleptic sensitivity, leveraging its antioxidative and neuroprotective properties.