Neuromuscular Alterations of Knee Extensors During Padel Match Play

Despite padel's growing popularity, its neuromuscular fatigue profile during prolonged match play remains poorly understood. This study examined the magnitude and etiology of neuromuscular alterations in the knee extensors using voluntary and evoked contractions during extended padel play. Sixteen trained padel players (14 males, 2 females) completed a 135-min match. Neuromuscular assessments (maximal and explosive force, twitch and doublet responses) and vertical jump tests were conducted pre-match (Pre) and after 45, 90, and 135 min (Mid-1, Mid-2 and Post). Heart rate and match characteristics were continuously monitored. Maximal voluntary torque declined significantly across match play (-10% at Post vs. Pre, p < 0.05). Electrically evoked twitch and doublet torques decreased from Mid-1 onward (p < 0.05), while voluntary activation remained unchanged. Explosive force production and vertical jump performance were preserved (p > 0.05). Heart rate responses reflected moderate-to-high match intensity, with a progressive shift toward lower intensity zones despite stable technical activity patterns. Prolonged padel match play induces early peripheral neuromuscular fatigue without impairing voluntary activation or rapid force production. Although maximal knee extensor strength declined, players maintained explosive performance and jumping ability, suggesting effective compensation strategies during extended play.