Frontier Progress of Perovskite and Quantum Dot White‐Light Emitting Materials in Next‐Generation Lighting and Displays

ABSTRACT Whitelight emission is central to solid‐state lighting and full‐color display technologies. Conventional phosphor‐converted white light‐emitting diodes often face a trade‐off between luminous efficacy and color‐rendering quality, which constrains their application in human‐centric lighting and wide‐color‐gamut displays. Macroscopic perovskite emitters and colloidal quantum dots, including perovskite and conventional II–VI/III–V quantum dots, offer widely tunable bandgaps, high photoluminescence quantum yields, and controllable emission bandwidths, providing promising routes toward high‐quality white‐light generation. This Review systematically compares macroscopic perovskite emitters and quantum‐dot emitters, with emphasis on their luminescence mechanisms, compositional design, synthesis strategies, and device integration. Key photophysical processes, including self‐trapped‐exciton emission, dopant‐mediated emission, and Förster resonance energy transfer, are critically discussed. Despite substantial progress, major challenges remain: macroscopic perovskite emitters are susceptible to ion‐migration‐induced spectral instability, whereas conventional quantum dots often exhibit efficiency roll‐off and thermal quenching under device‐operating conditions. Future efforts should prioritize improvements in electroluminescence efficiency and operational stability, the establishment of standardized characterization and reporting protocols, and the development of efficient lead‐free material systems. This Review provides a comparative framework and practical guidance for developing efficient, stable, and environmentally sustainable white‐light emitters for next‐generation lighting and display technologies.