Overdentures – A Comprehensive Review

AbstractBackground: An overdenture is a removable dental prosthesis that derives part of its support, retention and stability from retained natural teeth, tooth roots, and/or dental implants rather than from the residual ridge and mucosa alone. Preservation of even a few strategically positioned roots slows post-extraction alveolar resorption and preserves periodontal proprioception, offering functional and psychological advantages over the conventional complete denture.Aim: To review the concept, classification, biological rationale, clinical indications, attachment systems and complications associated with tooth-supported and implant-supported overdentures, and to summarise the evidence base guiding their clinical use.Review Methodology: A narrative review of classical and contemporary prosthodontic literature pertaining to overdenture therapy.Conclusion: Despite the expansion of implant dentistry, the overdenture remains a biologically sound, versatile and cost-effective treatment option. Careful case selection, meticulous abutment preparation, an appropriately chosen retentive system, and a structured maintenance protocol are central to its long-term success.