Ayurvedic Management of Asthenoteratozoospermia

Asthenoteratozoospermia, characterized by reduced sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology, is a significant cause of male infertility. Metabolic disorders such as obesity and dyslipidemia may adversely affect semen quality. In Ayurveda, this condition may be interpreted under the framework of Shukra dushti associated with Kapha-meda dushti, leading to Sanga (an obstructive type of Srotodushti) in the Shukravaha srotas. The resulting Srotorodha impairs the nourishment and function of Shukra, contributing to reduced sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology. A 29-year-old male reported with primary infertility for 1.5 years with asthenoteratozoospermia, with progressive motility of 8% and normal morphology of 2%. The patient was obese with Body Mass Index (BMI) of 36.44kg/m² and had hypertriglyceridemia. Ayurvedic evaluation revealed Shukra dushti with involvement of Kapha medho dushti and Srotorodha. The patient subsequently received Deepana-pachana, Kapha medohara, Shodhana, and Vrishya-rasayana therapies, including internal medications, Udwartana, Vamana karma, Virechana karma, Rajayapana vasti, Madhutailika vasti, and supportive yoga practices. Following treatment, body weight decreased from 98kg to 94kg, and BMI decreased from 36.44kg/m² to 35kg/m². Semen parameters improved substantially, with sperm concentration increased from 75 to 120.7million/mL, progressive motility from 8% to 46%, and normal morphology from 2% to 5%. Triglyceride levels decreased from 290mg/dL to 241mg/dL. Following completion of treatment, the couple achieved natural conception, and a healthy female infant weighing 3.1kg was delivered. The overall semen response was partial rather than uniform: total motility and total cholesterol/LDL cholesterol did not improve alongside the gains in progressive motility, morphology, and triglycerides. In this single case, the treatment course was followed by improvement in metabolic and seminal parameters; however, causality cannot be established from a single case report.