Full-Wavelength Self-Balancing Dual-Polarized WHEMS Antenna

This paper presents a full-wavelength self-balancing dual-polarized antenna based on a complementary wideband high-efficiency electromagnetic radiation structure (WHEMS), forming a monolithic loop cross-wing (MLCW) topology. The proposed design enables broadband impedance stabilization and uniform aperture field distribution in the full-wavelength resonant mode. An equivalent transmission-line resonator model with short- and open-circuited paths is employed to explain the impedance complementarity mechanism. By properly matching the electrical lengths, the complementary reactance is effectively compensated, leading to an extended operating bandwidth of the full-wavelength mode. Under fixed-beam conditions, the MLCW behaves as a uniform dipole array, resulting in uniform aperture field distribution and stable directivity. The proposed antenna exhibits a 55.5% measured relative bandwidth from 405 to 720 MHz, with a simulated realized gain of 9.6–12.1 dBi and simulated |S21| better than −48 dB. These results validate the effectiveness of the complementary full-wavelength WHEMS for high-efficiency broadband dual-polarized directional antennas. The symmetric geometry and integrated balun feeds provide inherent self-balancing, which suppresses common-mode currents and ensures high isolation without external balancing circuitry.