A two-stage restoration model for power distribution systems with integrated satellite-terrestrial communication networks

With the development of the satellite internet, the low Earth orbit (LEO)-based satellite communication network (SCN) is gradually applied to power grids to meet the emergency communication requirements. By the advantages of SCN, this paper proposes a two-stage restoration framework for power distribution systems (PDSs) with an integrated satellite-terrestrial communication network (STCN). In Stage 1, a multi-time period operation simulation model for LEO satellite constellation is established to derive the available satellite communication links during restoration. Then, a MILP restoration model is developed that considers the operation constraints of PDSs and STCNs in Stage 2 to obtain the optimal PDS restoration strategy under cyber-physical interaction. The STCN includes an SCN and a terrestrial communication network (TCN), which are coordinated to transmit the operation information of PDSs. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimal restoration strategy is verified by constructing a constellation with 1000 LEO satellites for the PDSs in a practical area. Also, the influences of LEO satellite operation parameters are analyzed in the case studies.