Factors associated with poor glycemic control and its correlation with albumin creatinine ratio among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Background Monitoring for glycemic control and screening for microalbuminuria (MA) and timely therapeutic intervention have become the standard of diabetic care worldwide. However, there are limited studies conducted on factors of poor glycemic control in Ethiopia, and there is no research done on the correlation between poor glycemic control and albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess factors associated with poor glycemic control and its correlation with ACR among T2DM patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 01 April to 30 May 2023. This study included 200 T2DM patients using a systematic random sampling technique among T2DM patients who were followed up at the hospital. Data was entered and analyzed. Bivariate logistic regression analysis and Pearson’s correlation test were performed. Results The prevalence of poor glycemic control was 82.5%. Being female (AOR = 3.74, 95% CI: 1.1, 12.83), BMI > 25 (AOR = 7.1, 95% CI: 1.37, 36.7), duration of diabetes (>5 years) (AOR = 4.35, 95% CI: 1.1, 16.9), and antidiabetic medication (insulin alone) (AOR = 8.39, 95% CI: 1.3, 56.9) were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. There was a significant positive correlation of HbA1c with the albumin creatinine ratio (r = 0.218, p-value = 0.002). Conclusions This study concluded that majority of patients had poor glycemic control. Being female, being overweight, long duration of diabetes, and using insulin alone as antidiabetic medication were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. HbA1c also showed a significant correlation with the albumin creatinine ratio. These findings underscore the need for effective educational and therapeutic approaches by the healthcare professionals, with particular emphasis on controlling body weight and proper adherence with antidiabetic medications in diabetic patients .