Hybrid Offshore Wind-Wave Coastal Defence

Abstract Coastal regions worldwide are experiencing accelerating erosion, storm‑surge damage, and long‑period swell amplification driven by climate change. Traditional shoreline defences are increasingly costly, reactive, and insufficient for long‑term resilience. This work proposes a hybrid offshore wind–wave system that integrates utility‑scale multi‑rotor wind turbines with wave‑energy extraction modules and buoy‑based dissipation arrays to reduce wave energy before landfall. Building on the author’s previously published 16 MW multi‑rotor turbine architecture (Biswell, 2024; DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21847428), the system uses elliptical aerodynamic arms, modular rotor‑generator quadrants, and advanced control systems as structural and electrical platforms for wave‑energy integration. The resulting offshore infrastructure serves dual purposes: generating renewable power and functioning as a distributed, porous breakwater that reduces storm impact, erosion, and long‑term economic losses. The concept is globally applicable to tropical, temperate, and deltaic coastlines, offering a scalable climate‑adaptation strategy for governments, insurers, and infrastructure operators.