Pengaruh Dewan Komisaris Independen, Komite Audit, dan Whistleblowing System terhadap Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan BUMN

Financial statement fraud is a form of fraud that can substantially affect the reliability of financial information and stakeholder decision-making, including within State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). Corporate governance mechanisms involving independent boards of commissioners, audit committees, and whistleblowing systems are expected to strengthen monitoring and reduce opportunities for fraudulent financial reporting. A quantitative approach with a causal research design was employed to examine the effects of independent boards of commissioners, audit committees, and whistleblowing systems on financial statement fraud among SOEs listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2020–2024. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 25 companies and 125 observations. Annual reports and financial statements were analyzed using panel data regression with the Common Effect Model (CEM) through EViews 12. Financial statement fraud was measured using the Beneish M-Score, while firm size was incorporated as a control variable. The results indicate that independent boards of commissioners and audit committees have negative regression coefficients, whereas the whistleblowing system has a positive coefficient; however, none of the three governance mechanisms has a statistically significant effect on financial statement fraud. The R-squared value of 4.05% indicates that the model has limited explanatory power in accounting for variations in financial statement fraud among the sampled SOEs.