On Parameterization of Some Problems in Number Theory

The article is devoted to the parametric solution of some Diophantine equations with two variables. In essence, we find an additional parametric relationship between the solution of the original equation and the simpler linear equation ax ̶ by = ±1. The method of hidden parameters helps to obtain a parametric representation of integer solutions for a number of problems in number theory. The method consists in that, first, instead of each quantity included in the original equation, we introduce an additional number of parameters using a linear or non-linear function, which allows us to find both connections between the parameters and some parametric solution of the desired equation. Then we reset (nullify) the introduced linear or non-linear functional dependence (hidden parameters), which in the original formulation of the problem would mean just changing the letter designation of the parameters. However, as a result of these actions, a simplified parametric solution is obtained and the found relationship between the parameters remains. In this paper, the method is discussed in detail using the example of parametric solving such Diophantine equation as the Pell equation. The method of such parameterization is also applied to problems related to Pell's equation. The methods of parameterization are discussed for the Delaunay equation, the Nagell equation and similar equations of higher powers.