Fabrication of Ag2S/g-C3N4 composite and its enhanced acousto-photocatalytic performance for methyl orange degradation

The objective of this study is to develop efficient sonophotocatalytic composites. In light of the inherent limitations of contemporary photo- and sound-catalytic systems with regard to carrier separation efficiency and radical generation efficiency, an Ag 2 S/g-C 3 N 4 (AS/CN) heterojunction composite catalytic material was synthesized through the utilization of precipitation and calcination methodologies. The catalytic performance of this material was subsequently evaluated through the implementation of methyl orange (MO) degradation experiments. The reaction mechanism was analyzed using characterization techniques including EPR, TRPL, and UPS. The results indicate that the optimal 2-AS/CN composite can achieve near-complete degradation of organic dyes within 90 min and exhibits excellent cycling stability. Its superior performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of heterojunction-enhanced effective carrier separation and cavitation effects, with the •O 2 − and the •OH. identified as the primary active intermediates in the degradation process. This research not only provides novel catalytic materials for the efficient degradation of organic dyes, but also offers a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for deepening the understanding of photoacoustic catalytic mechanisms and their application in practical water treatment.