BAMBUSA VULGARIS LEAVES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL

The widely distributed bamboo Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl. (family Poaceae) is said to have traditional, nutritional, and therapeutic use. B. vulgaris has a varied phytochemical profile, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, phytosterols, tannins, saponins, terpenes, alkaloids, and glycosides, according to the provided M. Pharm project and its referenced literature. Gallic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, rutin, β-sitosterol, and ergosterol are among the reported ingredients. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, anxiolytic, and other biological actions are described in the source's summary of pharmacological investigations. Ethanolic leaf extract has received special attention. The study revealed total phenolic content of 18.4 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content of 34.77 mg QE/g, and concentration-dependent DPPH radical-scavenging activity, which reached 85.45% at 100 µg/mL under the described conditions. Antibacterial screening against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest reported inhibition at 100 mg/mL. This review organizes the available information into a journal-style narrative, highlights the chemical basis of reported activities, and identifies research gaps involving standardization, mechanistic validation, safety, pharmacokinetics and in-vivo studiesv.