Kerentanan Sistemik dalam Sentralisasi Data Pemerintah: Studi atas Lumpuhnya Layanan Publik pada Insiden Pusat Data Nasional Sementara (PDNS) 2 Tahun 2024

The digital transformation of government through the development of the National Data Center (PDN) aims to improve the efficiency of public services and data integration between government agencies. However, centralizing data in a single system also creates new vulnerabilities in the form of high dependence on a single core infrastructure. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design and data collection techniques through desk research. Data sources were obtained from scientific journals, government documents, reports from related institutions, and credible news regarding the PDNS 2 incident in 2024. The results show that the disruption to PDNS 2 had a domino effect on hundreds of public services and government agencies due to the high dependence on a single central system. In addition to cyberattacks, the widespread impact of the disruption was also influenced by weak data backup systems, delays in threat detection, and the interconnectedness of government digital services. This research concludes that data centralization can create manufactured risk in the form of systemic vulnerabilities that have the potential to develop into a public service crisis if not accompanied by adequate risk mitigation.