Uniqueness of the Local Quadratic Probability Density

We investigate the uniqueness of local quadratic probability densities associated with complex-valued smooth functions of compact support on \(\mathbb{R}^d\). Consider finite-order local Hermitian quadratic densities constructed from the function and its derivatives. Under assumptions of pointwise non-negativity, finite differential order, locality, and universal normalization with respect to the standard \(L^2\) norm, we establish a uniqueness result identifying the density with \(|\psi(x)|^2\) almost everywhere. The argument combines positivity of the coefficient matrix, high-frequency localized test functions, and elimination of derivative-dependent terms. We also discuss the role of the assumptions and the limitations of the result. The theorem concerns uniqueness within the specified class of local quadratic densities; it does not by itself derive the Born rule from more general physical principles or provide a theory of quantum measurement dynamics.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23121752
Primary Topic
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
Type
preprint
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preprint

Uniqueness of the Local Quadratic Probability Density

Yuwen Chen
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
preprint

Uniqueness of the Local Quadratic Probability Density

Yuwen Chen
preprint en

Abstract

We investigate the uniqueness of local quadratic probability densities associated with complex-valued smooth functions of compact support on \(\mathbb{R}^d\). Consider finite-order local Hermitian quadratic densities constructed from the function and its derivatives. Under assumptions of pointwise non-negativity, finite differential order, locality, and universal normalization with respect to the standard \(L^2\) norm, we establish a uniqueness result identifying the density with \(|\psi(x)|^2\) almost everywhere. The argument combines positivity of the coefficient matrix, high-frequency localized test functions, and elimination of derivative-dependent terms. We also discuss the role of the assumptions and the limitations of the result. The theorem concerns uniqueness within the specified class of local quadratic densities; it does not by itself derive the Born rule from more general physical principles or provide a theory of quantum measurement dynamics.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
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Uniqueness of the Local Quadratic Probability Density — Yuwen Chen · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS