دور الليزر في تحسين الخواص الميكانيكية والسطحية لمادة البولي كربونات

This narrative review examines the role of laser processing in modifying the surface and mechanical performance of polycarbonate, with emphasis on roughness, wettability, surface chemistry, and joining. Published findings are analyzed in relation to wavelength, pulse duration, fluence, and scanning conditions, while comparisons with other polymers clarify material-dependent responses. The reviewed evidence indicates that controlled irradiation can generate micro- and nanostructures, alter water contact angle, and improve interfacial conditions for polymer joining. A published polycarbonate–polystyrene welding study reported a contact-angle decrease from 86.3° to 43.4° and a maximum joint shear strength of 13.65 MPa. Other observations show that wetting behavior may evolve with surface aging. Increased roughness does not invariably improve wettability, and improved joining does not establish increased hardness or wear resistance. The fluence–contact-angle regression included in this paper is treated as an illustrative calculation rather than original experimental evidence. The review concludes that laser processing offers a versatile route to functional polycarbonate surfaces, provided that performance gains are assessed alongside transparency loss, thermal damage, and long-term stability using application-specific characterization.