Development of a pneumatic actuator based on bio‐PU coated fabrics for architectural applications

Abstract This paper presents the development of a pneumatic actuator based on bio‐PU coated bio‐PA fabrics within the EU project SUBBIMATT. The soft textile‐based pneumatic actuator consists of a coated fabric structure that can be pressurised. The demonstrator is based on the concept of a flexible tube divided into two airtight chambers initially developed by Aditra et. All [1] and commercialized by Maco Technology srl. The pressure/vacuum applied to the two chambers develops a tensile force which is transferred to the fins (i.e. the movable parts), achieving the desired movement (open/closed), see sketch. The goal of the project SUBBIMATT is to make this pneumatic textile actuator using bio‐PU coated bio‐PA fabrics cut with an automated cutting table and welded with high‐frequency welding machines, thus avoiding the need for adhesives and chemicals. The study includes the results of the mechanical tests carried out to assess the physical and thermomechanical properties of the bio‐PU coated fabrics for actuators, needed to optimize their mechanical and functional response, in particular, the actuation capabilities through pressurization. The performance of the bio‐PU coated fabric is compared against existing (not biobased) solutions highlighting the potential and challenges of a new generation of bio‐PU coated fabrics.