Smart Building Commissioning Framework for Fire Alarm, ELV and MEP Systems in Saudi Giga-Projects under Vision 2030

Commissioning of smart buildings in Saudi giga-projects requires more than discipline-by-discipline completion testing because fire alarm, extra-low-voltage (ELV), mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP), building automation, ICT, security and operational platforms interact during normal, abnormal and emergency conditions. This state-of-the-art review develops an integrated commissioning framework by synthesising recent peer-reviewed evidence from commissioning, fault detection and diagnostics, building automation, fire-safety sensing, BIM, digital twins, facility management, cybersecurity and Saudi digital-delivery research. The synthesis shows that reliable acceptance depends on lifecycle assurance, interface-centred functional and scenario testing, validated sensing and point-level data quality, a governed digital thread linking requirements to accepted states, and explicit organisational, contractual and cybersecurity controls. The proposed framework uses staged readiness and acceptance gates from owner requirements through design, pre-functional verification, functional performance testing, integrated systems testing, handover, soft landing and continuous commissioning. It preserves the authority of certified fire systems while requiring deterministic verification of dependent MEP and ELV responses. For Saudi giga-projects, the framework is aligned with the Saudi Building Code and Civil Defense approval environment, with additional HCIS obligations where applicable. BIM and digital twins add value only when they improve traceability, information continuity and operational decision-making. The framework is literature-derived and requires future expert and project-based validation before it should be treated as a validated Saudi benchmark.