Low-Cost MOSFET H-Bridge Driver for DC Motor Control: Design and Experimental Evaluation

This paper presents a DC motor speed control model using an H-bridge and an Arduino Uno R3. The H-bridge driver circuit is designed based on four IRF540 N-channel MOSFETs. Two IR2104 ICs are responsible for controlling these MOSFETs. The pulse width modulation (PWM) method is implemented on the Arduino Uno R3 board to drive these two IR2104s. The control signal is a square pulse with a frequency of 490.2 Hz, and the duty cycle is modulated from 3.9% to 98%. Experimental results show that this model operates accurately, reliably, and safely, with motor speed varying from 112 RPM to 2845 RPM. Furthermore, the experimental measurements achieve over 98% agreement with MATLAB simulation results, confirming the circuit's stability and effectiveness under loaded conditions.