Ultrafine MoC Nanoparticles Embedded in N-Doped Carbon Nanoflowers for Superior Microwave Absorption

Abstract Multicomponent hollow nanoflowers have attracted considerable attention as microwave-absorbing (MA) materials, owing to their synergistically enhanced interfacial polarization and dielectric loss. Heterointerface engineering enabled by compositional regulation and rational architecture construction provides an efficient pathway for improving electromagnetic wave absorption properties. In this study, hollow MoC/NC nanoflowers were successfully fabricated through a soft-template strategy. The homogeneous incorporation of MoC nanoparticles into the carbon matrix generates abundant heterostructures, thereby markedly promoting interfacial polarization. By precisely controlling the pyrolysis temperature, a high density of lattice defects was introduced, thereby promoting dipole polarization and facilitating electromagnetic energy dissipation. The distinctive hollow flower-like structure further enhances electromagnetic wave absorption properties via multiple scattering processes and intensified interfacial polarization. Ultimately, The MoC/NC composites present exceptional electromagnetic wave absorption properties, accompanied by an ultralow minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −69.53 dB at 1.88 mm and an effective bandwidth extending to 5.36 GHz. Furthermore, CST simulation results verify the material’s strong microwave dissipation ability in practical applications, with a maximum reduction of 37 dB·m2. This work demonstrates the synergistic interplay between multicomponent composition and structural engineering in enhancing microwave absorption, thereby providing an effective strategy toward the development of advanced electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.