From Trans-Ontological Potentiality to Polymorphic Manifestation: A Topological Reconstruction and Structuralist Interpretation of Laozi's Dao-De Generative Ontology (从超验潜能到多态显化:老子"道—德"生成论的拓扑重构与结构主义阐释)

Abstract (English):The history of Laozi scholarship has long been encumbered by two chronic hermeneutic fractures: the decoupling of cosmogonic ontology from practical statecraft/existential philosophy, and the persistent semantic ambiguity surrounding the concept of De (德)—which Laozi alternately venerates as co-equal cosmic sovereignty ("All things venerate Dao and honor De") and laments as civilizational degeneration ("When Dao is lost, De appears"). Based on the methodological Tripartite Concordance Criterion (Internal Self-Consistency, Global Hermeneutic Harmony, and Empirical Reality Grounding), this study introduces formal topology, conceptual engineering, and complex systems dynamics to establish a structural reconstruction of Laozi's generative sequence: "Dao generates One, One generates Two, Two generates Three, and Three generates the Ten Thousand Things." Crucially, geometric and categorical modeling is deployed strictly as an epistemic verification instrument and structural-realist scaffolding to substantiate the internal consistency of Laozi's system, while preserving the organic, holistic spirit of classical Chinese thought. The findings establish: First, Laozi's cosmogony formally operates as a five-stage topological phase transition. Second, within information ontology, this study analyzes a "Three-Tier Meta-Abstraction Tower" (formally isomorphic to international meta-modeling standards such as OMG MOF and Floridi's Levels of Abstraction). Third, dynamically, Chapter 40 ("Weakness is the function of Dao") indicates that "the weak locus is the generative locus", while the S-curve enforces incompressible area conservation. Fourth, integrating the Zhuangzi ("Tian Di") to decouple structural closure (One) from functional potency (De), the outer boundary operates as a higher-order mapping functor. Finally, through structural realism, this model identifies a morphological isomorphism with the Mahayana Buddhist Trikāya, demonstrating a shared cognitive topology in Eastern metaphysics. 【中文摘要】:传统老学诠释长期面临双重理论困境:一是宇宙生成论与实存治术哲学的割裂;二是“德”之概念在本体尊崇(“万物尊道而贵德”)与异化退化(“失道而后德”)之间的内在张力。本研究立足“逻辑自洽、全局融洽、真理实洽”的判准体系,融贯形式拓扑学、概念工程学与复杂系统动力学,以系统、架构与工程视域对老子“道—一—二—三—万物”的生成序列展开结构重构。本研究将形式化模型界定为认识论的证明工具与结构实在论脚手架,以彰显老子哲学体系的内在公理化精确性。研究表明:老子生成论在本体层级上展现为完备的五阶相变拓扑(太极流形模型),并在信息本体论视域下构成三阶元抽象塔与高阶多态函子机制,消解了两千年来的老学体系性疑难。