Anion Engineering of Surface Frustrated Lewis Pairs for Light‐Assisted CO 2 Hydrogenation to Methanol
ABSTRACT Surface frustrated Lewis pairs (SFLPs) have been widely studied as active sites for light‐assisted CO 2 hydrogenation, while most efforts have focused on cation engineering to tune the Lewis acidity of metal centers, leaving the Lewis‐basic component less directly controlled. Here, we report an anion engineering strategy based on nitridation to prepare nitrogen‐doped, non‐stoichiometric spinel zinc gallium oxide catalysts for CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol. Nitrogen incorporation modifies the local anion coordination environment, promotes oxygen vacancy formation, and reconstructs the coordination structure around Ga sites, thereby generating defect‐associated Ga–O/N Lewis acid–base pairs that favor heterolytic H 2 splitting. Nitridation also narrows the band gap and introduces localized electronic states, leading to improved light absorption. As a result, the optimized catalyst achieves a methanol production rate of 1203.7 µmol h −1 g −1 with enhanced methanol selectivity and apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) under illumination. This work demonstrates that anion engineering provides an effective route to regulate oxide SFLPs and promote light‐assisted CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol.
Authors
- Yangfan Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4479-6157)
- Xingda An (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7484-7410)
- Athanasios A. Tountas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8902-4751)
- Wenqiang Qu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3861-6612)
- Paul N. Duchesne (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-1198)
- Le He (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4520-0482)
- Zeshu Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7442-0110)
- 敬登伟
- Jiuli Guo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-6795)
- Guangming Cai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5799-6445)
- Xueqiu Wu
- Xiaoliang Yan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-4770)
- Chandra Veer Singh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6644-0178)
- Chaoqian Ai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6928-7526)
- Geoffrey A. Ozin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6315-0925)
- Andrew Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-5000)
- Chaoran Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9517-8431)
- Wenzhe Zhou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8169-9639)
- Jessica Ye (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-553X)
- Jingyan Zhang
- Yahan Zhang
- Jianheng Xu
- Zhihao Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8505-8282)
- Maochang Liu
- Emerson MacNeil
- Yiran Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1480-4184)
- Rui Song
- Zhijie Chen
Institutions
- Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Shenzhen University (CN)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Queen's University (CA)
- Soochow University (CN)
- Anyang Normal University (CN)
- Xi’an International University (CN)
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University (CN)
- Taiyuan University of Technology (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Angewandte Chemie
- Published
- 2026-09-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.5899106
- Primary Topic
- Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00