WATER ACCOUNTING DISCLOSURE AND CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE NIGERIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR

Water has become a critical environmental resource for industrial production, and the extent to which firms disclose their water-related practices reflects their commitment to corporate environmental responsibility (CER). This study investigates the relationship between water accounting disclosure and CER in the Nigerian manufacturing sector, where water-intensive industries play a significant role in economic growth but also contribute to environmental degradation. Using a quantitative research design, secondary data were collected from the annual and sustainability reports of selected manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange between 2015 and 2023. A disclosure index based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) frameworks was applied to measure water disclosure, while CER was assessed through environmental policy commitments, compliance, and community stewardship indicators. Descriptive statistics revealed that disclosure levels remain moderate, while correlation analysis showed a strong positive association between water disclosure and CER. Panel regression results confirmed that water accounting disclosure significantly enhances CER, with firm size and profitability also exerting positive influences. The findings support legitimacy and stakeholder theories by highlighting that water disclosure is both a response to societal pressures and a strategic tool for stakeholder engagement. The study concludes that improved water disclosure is essential for fostering corporate accountability, regulatory compliance, and sustainable industrial development in Nigeria