Retrospective Study of Foot and Mouth Disease in Mareko, Central Ethiopia, 2021-2025GC

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease, which affects the livelhood and productivity of livestock farmer in endemic region. It can infect various domestic and wild animals with cloven-hooves. FMD has a detrimental effect on the agricultural economies of most countries worldwide. A retrospective study was applied to analyze FMD outbreaks in animals, place and time in Mareko, Centeral Ethiopia from 2021 to 2025 G.C. The data of the FMD outbreaks was collected from special wereda veterinary clinic and Keble veterinary post office from the case book record and DOVAR report. The data was analyzed by line, chart or graphs by using pivot table. Over the past five years a total of 134 FMD outbreaks have been reported in the district. The highest number reported in 2023 followed by 2024. Especially in 2024 during the month of October FMD outbreaks were reported. Seasonally, the highest outbreaks were in winter (68) followed by autumn (42). The spatial distribution of FMD, the higher numbers of outbreaks were in Meka-jardemeka, Koshe 01 and Alemena. The highest number of suspected FMD cases was in 2024 (450) followed by 2025 (500). So supplying adequate doses of vaccine, control risk factors and strong animal disease surveillance system is important to control and prevention of FMD.