Experiences of Rohingya Migrant Mothers: A Qualitative Study on Migration, Health, and Childcare

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the experiences of Rohingya migrant mothers residing in the Kutupalong Refugee Camp in Bangladesh. The research focuses on understanding the challenges these mothers face during the migration process, the barriers they encounter in accessing healthcare services, their experiences related to child care, and the psychosocial stressors they are exposed to in the camp environment. Additionally, the study seeks to develop policy recommendations to enhance their living conditions. METHODS: This study was conducted using a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 Rohingya mothers residing in the Kutupalong Refugee Camp. Participants were selected through purposive sampling based on the criteria of having at least one child, having personally experienced the migration process, and having lived in the camp for at least one year. The interviews were conducted in the Rohingya language with the assistance of a local translator and focused on themes such as migration-related trauma, access to healthcare services, childcare, and psychosocial challenges. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and main themes and subthemes were identified. RESULTS: The study identified four main themes. Migration Process and Trauma includes the physical and psychological hardships endured by mothers during migration, as well as violence, losses, and dangerous journeys. Challenges in Accessing Healthcare Services emphasizes the inadequacy of healthcare services within the camp, barriers to accessing external healthcare services, and frequent misdiagnoses and incomplete treatments. Childcare and Nutrition covers issues such as inadequate hygiene conditions, problems with access to clean water, malnutrition, and the struggle against common illnesses in children. Psychosocial Issues and Security Concerns include trauma and psychological problems stemming from incidents such as child abductions, fires, violence, and economic difficulties within the camp. Mothers have significant concerns about ensuring the safety of their children and meeting their basic needs. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the significant challenges faced by Rohingya mothers in refugee camps. Barriers to accessing healthcare services, inadequate childcare and nutrition conditions, psychosocial stressors, and security concerns clearly illustrate the extent of the humanitarian crisis experienced by Rohingya refugees. The research emphasizes the need for comprehensive policies to improve living conditions in refugee camps for both the international community and local governments. Enhancing healthcare services, improving hygiene and nutrition conditions, providing psychosocial support services, and addressing security concerns are essential for enhancing the well-being of Rohingya refugees. This study makes a valuable contribution to the literature on refugee experiences and provides a foundation for future research.