Validity and Reliability of The Scale of Perception and Attitude Toward Hospital Emergency Services (PAHES)

Aim: Hospital emergency departments are among the most frequently accessed healthcare facilities in society. Emergency departments can be stressful and anxiety-inducing environments, often necessitating immediate care for patients. This inherent stress can elevate anxiety levels among patients, potentially leading to adverse conditions. The aim of this study was to develop a measurement tool to measure public perceptions and attitudes towards hospital emergencies. Methods: The item pool was developed by consulting relevant literature and expert opinions. A questionnaire comprising 45 items was devised and administered to 456 individuals who had visited a hospital emergency services. Results: After the item correlation analysis, a single-factor structure was obtained with a KMO value of 0.92, a significant Bartlett's test value (χ 2(55) =2153.957, p