NIDANARTHAKARA ROGA: DISEASE AS A CAUSATIVE FACTOR FOR ANOTHER DISEASE -AN AYURVEDIC REVIEW

Ayurveda emphasizes that diseases do not always arise solely from external etiological factors; an existing disease itself may become the causative factor for the development of another disease. This concept is known as Nidanarthakara Roga, described in Charaka Samhita Nidana Sthana. According to this principle, if a disease is not diagnosed and managed appropriately, it may initiate a cascade of pathological events resulting in secondary disorders. Classical examples include Jwara leading to Raktapitta, Raktapitta causing Shosha, Pleehavriddhi progressing to Jathara and Shotha, and the interrelationship among Arsha, Atisara, and Grahani. These examples demonstrate the sequential progression of disease due to persistent Dosha imbalance, Agnimandya, and Dhatukshaya. This concept closely resembles disease progression, complications, and comorbidities recognized in modern medicine. The present review explores the classical references, probable pathogenesis, clinical significance, preventive aspects, and modern correlations of Nidanarthakara Roga. Understanding this concept highlights the importance of early diagnosis, timely intervention, preservation of Agni, and prevention of disease progression. The concept serves as a valuable guide for comprehensive patient management and supports the Ayurvedic objective of preventing complications through appropriate therapeutic measures.