EXTRACTION AND PHYTHO CHEMCAL SCREENING OF GRAINS OF PASPALUM SCROBICULATUM

Paspalum scrobiculatum L., commonly known as Kodo millet, is an ancient cereal crop traditionally cultivated and used in India6 and parts of Africa for food and medicinal purposes. Historically, it has been mentioned in Ayurvedic texts for managing diabetes, inflammation, and digestive disorders. Geographically, it is well adapted to tropical and subtropical regions, especially dry and semi-arid areas of India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and West Africa. Phytochemical screening of P. scrobiculatum reveals the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and dietary fibers. These bioactive constituents contribute to its significant antioxidant and free-radical scavenging potential. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated antidiabetic activity through glycemic control and improved insulin sensitivity. The plant also exhibits anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective effects. Its high polyphenol and fiber content supports cholesterol-lowering and gut health benefits. Additionally, Kodo millet is gluten-free, enhancing its nutritional and therapeutic value.