Research Progress on Preparation and Biocompatibility of Degradable Polymeric Materials for Soft Tissue Repair

With the rapid iteration of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering technologies, soft tissue injury repair has become a core research direction in the field of biomedical materials. Soft tissues, including skin, tendon, blood vessels, and mucosa, often suffer tissue defects and dysfunction caused by trauma, inflammation, and surgical resection, leading to continuously rising clinical repair demands. Degradable polymeric materials overcome the application bottlenecks of traditional repair materials by virtue of excellent soft tissue matching ability, controllable degradation kinetics, tunable flexible mechanical properties, and favorable biocompatibility, and have become preferred carrier materials for soft tissue regenerative repair. This paper systematically summarizes mainstream preparation strategies, microstructural regulation technologies, and performance optimization approaches of degradable polymeric materials for soft tissue repair, and elaborates on the characteristics and application advantages of natural and synthetic degradable polymers by category. Based on the biological requirements of soft tissue repair, the regulatory mechanisms of material physicochemical properties on soft tissue cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix remodeling are deeply analyzed, and the dynamic matching relationship between material degradation behavior and soft tissue regeneration is explored. Meanwhile, the application status of degradable polymers in repairing skin, tendons, blood vessels, and other soft tissues is reviewed, key challenges existing in material research and clinical translation are analyzed, and targeted priorities and development directions for future research are proposed. This study aims to provide theoretical support and technical reference for structural design, performance regulation, and clinical translation of high-performance degradable polymeric soft tissue repair materials.