Propagation Dynamics of Partially Coherent Perfect Vortex Beams in Biological Tissue Turbulence

Based on the correlation function of partially coherent perfect vortex beams (PCPVBs) in biological tissue turbulence, a transmission model was established to systematically study how biological tissue and source parameters affect the received probability. Results indicate that the self-focusing property improves the received probability of PCPVBs during propagation, yielding a performance superior to that at the initial state. However, this enhancement effect gradually diminishes with decreasing turbulence strength. Owing to the perfect property, a similar received probability can be maintained at low-order orbital angular momentum (OAM), yet an inevitable degradation occurs as the OAM order further increases. The analysis also demonstrates that a beam configuration with a longer wavelength and a smaller ring radius can achieve superior transmission performance in biological tissue turbulence characterized by a shorter cut-off correlation length, smaller outer scale, and smaller fractal dimension. Furthermore, enlarging the receiving aperture reduces received probability; however, the declining trend levels off when the aperture is sufficiently large to collect the entire intensity information. This study unveils the propagation dynamics of PCPVBs in complex biological media, providing a crucial theoretical foundation and guidance for their applications in biological tissue optical communication, optical detection, and optical imaging.