Electric‐Field‐Assisted Additive Manufacturing: A New Paradigm for Ferroelectric Materials and Devices

ABSTRACT Additive manufacturing (AM) provides a powerful platform for creating architected three‐dimensional ferroelectric materials with complex geometries and programmable properties beyond the reach of conventional fabrication. Yet, while current printing methods offer precise control over form, they generally cannot establish the polarization states that govern the functionality of ferroelectric materials, necessitating post‐printing steps, such as poling, that are often inefficient and unreliable for complex 3‐dimensional (3D) architectures. Electric‐field‐assisted additive manufacturing (EF‐AM), which integrates an external electric field during fabrication, is emerging as a transformative approach to simultaneously shape ferroelectric structures and program their polarization and functionality in situ. EF‐AM is establishing a new paradigm for integrated structure‐function engineering inside ferroelectric materials. Thus, in this review we summarize the recent progress in EF‐AM of ferroelectric materials, covering fundamental electric‐field and material interactions, major printable ferroelectric material classes, representative EF‐AM platforms, and the enabled promising application. We focus on discussing EF‐AM strategies including electric‐field‐enhanced FDM (EF‐FDM), electric‐field‐assisted DLP (EF‐DLP), electric‐field‐directed DIW (EF‐DIW), and electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet printing, highlighting how electric fields are applied during printing to regulate polarization development and, consequently, electromechanical performance. We conclude by discussing the remaining challenges and opportunities that will shape the future of EF‐AM for next‐generation ferroelectrics.