A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF BHRAJAKA PITTA IN VICHARCHIKA

Ayurveda describes skin as an important site of manifestation of several systemic and local pathological processes. Vicharchika is described under Kshudra Kushtha and is characterized by clinical features such as Kandu, Pidika, Shyava Varna and Srava. Classical descriptions indicate involvement of Tridosha along with Twak, Rakta, Mamsa and Lasika/Ambu as important components in the pathogenesis of Kushtha. Bhrajaka Pitta, one of the five subdivisions of Pitta Dosha, is specifically described as being situated in Twak and is associated with maintenance of normal complexion, lustre, temperature regulation and processing of substances applied externally to the skin. The available Ayurvedic descriptions therefore provide a conceptual basis for considering the role of Bhrajaka Pitta in cutaneous disorders. The modern concept of skin physiology, particularly melanocytes, melanin, epidermal functions and cutaneous thermoregulation, provides additional scope for understanding the functional dimensions attributed to Bhrajaka Pitta. The present conceptual study attempts to explore the possible role of Bhrajaka Pitta in Vicharchika by correlating its physiological functions with the clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of Vicharchika. It is proposed that alteration of Bhrajaka Pitta may be considered as one of the functional components involved in the expression and progression of Vicharchika, particularly in relation to changes in skin colour, lustre, local temperature and response to topical therapeutic substances. However, Bhrajaka Pitta should not be considered synonymous with any single modern anatomical or biochemical entity.