THEORY OF OBJECTS. ARTICLE 30. THE PRINCIPLE OF BIOAVAILABILITY: A FUNDAMENTAL FILTER OF THE METABOLIC VALUE OF PRODUCTS

This article is devoted to the principle of bioavailability, which is the central methodological position of the theory of objects. According to this principle, a product is valuable not because of what it contains, but because of what actually reaches the meta-compartments of the organism from it. If the bioavailability of a molecule is less than 1%, it is excluded from the density of objects (PP). If the bioavailability is low, but the molecule is converted by the microbiota into a bioavailable metabolite, it is counted by the metabolite. The article systematizes the scientific foundations of the principle of bioavailability: definition, types, mechanisms, factors. Four classes of bioavailability (I–IV), the bioavailability threshold, the microbiotic pathway, the influence of the matrix, and the role of product combinations are described. Classes of compounds — polyphenols, carotenoids, fat- and water-soluble vitamins, minerals, omega-3s — are analyzed with examples of their real bioavailability. It is shown how the principle of bioavailability changes the ranking of products, explains the contradictions of clinical trials and opens up new directions in nutrition.