Novel BaCa13Mg2(SiO4)8: Ce3+, Mn2+ Phosphor for Plant Lighting with Robust Thermal Stability and High Energy Transfer Efficiency

The blue and deep-red wavelengths emitted by plant growth lamps effectively encompass the entire spectrum of plant pigments essential for optimal growth. Nevertheless, inadequate thermal stability and poor quantum efficiency impede advancements in plant lighting technology. In this study, Ce3+ and Mn2+ ions are co-doped into the BaCa13Mg2(SiO4)8 matrix to develop a phosphor that encompasses the entire absorption wavelength range of plant pigments. Ce3+ and Mn2+ ions can emit blue light and red light in the range of 380–550 nm and 600–760 nm, respectively. As an excellent sensitizer, Ce3+ ions can significantly enhance the luminescence efficiency of Mn2+ ions, with a quantum efficiency of 51.03%. The analysis of crystal structure, spectroscopy, and energy transfer mechanisms clarifies the fundamental factors contributing to the observed high quantum efficiency. Theoretical calculations show that dipole–dipole interactions dominate the energy transfer process. At 140 °C, the emission intensity of the whole sample region can reach 92.83% of the integrated emission intensity. The electroluminescence spectrum of the sample overlaps substantially with the spectrum required for optimal absorption by the plant. The results show that BaCa13Mg2(SiO4)8: Ce3+, Mn2+ phosphors have excellent properties and inspire broad application prospects in the plant lighting field.